As tourism restarts, UNWTO notes strong, rapid government response to Covid-19 crisis

From the start of the current coronavirus crisis, the World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) has urged both governments and international organisations to make tourism – a leading employer and pillar of economic growth – a priority. 

Research carried out for the Briefing Note indicates this has been the case. 

Of the 220 countries and territories assessed as of May 22, 167 have reported taking measures aimed at mitigating the effects of the crisis. Of these, 144 have adopted fiscal and monetary policies, while 100 have taken specific steps to support jobs and training, both in tourism and other key economic sectors. 

Tourism, a lifeline for millions

UNWTO Secretary-General Zurab Pololikashvili said: "The determination of governments to both support tourism and restart tourism now is a testament to the importance of the sector. In many countries, particularly in the developing world, tourism is a major supporter of livelihoods and economic growth, and so it is vital that we restart tourism in a timely and responsible manner."

UNWTO found that the most common form of economy-wide stimulus packages adopted by governments focuses on fiscal incentives, including exemptions or deferrals of taxes (VAT, corporate income tax, etc.), as well as providing emergency economic assistance and relief to businesses through monetary measures such as special credit lines at reduced rates, new loan schemes and state banking guarantees aiming to address liquidity shortage. 

These policies are complemented with a third pillar to protect the millions of jobs at risk through flexibility mechanisms put in place in many countries, such as exemption or reduction of social security contributions, wage subsidies or special support mechanisms for self-employed. 

Small businesses, which make up 80 percent of tourism, have received targeted assistance in many countries. In addition to a general overview, the Briefing Note takes a closer look at all tourism specific measures implemented by countries and showcases examples of fiscal and monetary measures, initiatives to protect jobs and promote training and skills, market intelligence initiatives and public-private partnerships, as well as restarting tourism policies.

Europe leads in tourism restarting policies

Destinations in Europe have led the way in introducing specific policies to restart tourism. 

According to the latest UNWTO research, 33 percent of destinations in the region have introduced tourism-specific policies. In Asia and the Pacific, 25 percent of destinations have adopted restarting tourism policies, while in the Americas this proportion stands at 14 percent and in Africa at 4 percent.

The Briefing Note underscores that to restart tourism, restoring trust and confidence in the sector is crucial. In countries where tourism is back on the path to reignition, health and sanitary protocols, certifications and labels for clean and safe practices and safety "corridors" between countries are the most common measures. With domestic tourism as a priority at the moment, promotional campaigns, product development initiatives and vouchers begin to emerge in a few countries.

Alongside the measures of individual countries, the Briefing Note also charts the measures taken by international organisations. The European Commission, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have all supported governments, particularly with special mechanisms for loans, as well as with technical assistance and recommendations for recovery.